Imboni yensimbi yomhlaba wonke iyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa komnotho, esakha ingqalasizinda, ezokuthutha, kanye nokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2024, imakethe yensimbi iyaqhubeka nokubonisa izinguquko ezinamandla, ngomthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza obikwe ngamaqembu amakhulu akhiqiza insimbi. Ngokwedatha yakamuva evela kuWorld Steel Association, indawo yabakhiqizi bensimbi abakhulu emhlabeni ibonisa kokubili ukuzinza nokuguquka, okushukunyiswa ukuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe, ukushintshashintsha kwesidingo semakethe, kanye nezinto zezombusazwe. Lesi sibuyekezo esibanzi sihluza izinkampani zensimbi eziphezulu emhlabeni, sigxile kumthamo wazo wokukhiqiza, izikhundla zamasu, kanye nezimo zemakethe zesifunda, sinikeza amabhizinisi ngemininingwane ebalulekile ngesimo samanje semboni yensimbi.

Uhlaka lokukhiqiza insimbi ngo-2024 lugcwele abathile abakhulu abaqhubeka nokubeka isivinini sokukhiqiza emhlabeni jikelele. Phambili kukhona iChina Baowu Group, eqinisekisa isikhundla sayo njengomkhiqizi wensimbi omkhulu emhlabeni. Ngomthamo wokukhiqiza ophawulekayo ophakathi kuka-130 million metric tons, iBaowu ibonisa ubukhulu nokusebenza kahle kwezinkampani zensimbi eziphezulu emhlabeni. Le nqubo yokukhiqiza iqinisekisa indima ebalulekile yeChina ekwakheni ukuhlinzekwa kwensimbi emhlabeni jikelele kanye nezindleko.

Ngemuva kweBaowu kukhona iArcelorMittal, umkhiqizi wesibili omkhulu wensimbi, owabika ukukhiqiza okungama-65 million metric tons ngo-2024. Naphezu kokwehla okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka owedlule, iArcelorMittal igcina isabelo semakethe esibalulekile ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zayo ezihlukahlukene kanye nendawo yayo emhlabeni jikelele. Njengomunye wemishini enkulu yensimbi emhlabeni, iqhubeka nokutshalwa kwezimali ekwakheni izinto ezintsha nasekugcineni ukuze ithuthukise ukuncintisana.

I-Nippon Steel isihlala siyisibalo esibalulekile embonini yensimbi, sithatha indawo yesine ngokukhiqiza okuzinzile kwamathani ayizigidi ezingu-43. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kusekelwa izivumelwano ezihlangene nezinkampani ezingaphansi, ezandisa ukufinyelela kwayo emakethe kanye nomthamo wokusebenza. Ubukhona benkampani obuqhubekayo emiphandleni ephezulu bugqamisa ukubaluleka kobudlelwano becebo ekugcineni ukuzinza kokukhiqiza kanye nomthelela emakethe.

Ngaphandle kwezintathu eziphezulu, abanye abakhiqizi bensimbi abaningana babonise ukusebenza okubalulekile ngo-2024. I-Tata Steel, ngokwesibonelo, iphumelele ukugcina isikhundla sayo njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wensimbi wesishumi emhlabeni wonke ngokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo. Lokhu kukhula kubonisa ukugxila kwecebo le-Tata ekwandiseni umthamo kanye nokuphucula, okuhambisana nezinga elibonwe phakathi kwabakhiqizi bensimbi abahamba phambili.

I-Posco Holdings, nakuba ibhekene nokwehla kancane nokudlulela phansi emikhakheni, iseyisidlali esibalulekile phakathi kwamazwe akhiqiza insimbi amakhulu. Ukumelana kwayo emakethe enokuncintisana kugqamisa izinselele namathuba akhona emkhakheni wensimbi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izinkampani zaseVietnam ezifana ne-Hoa Phat Steel ziyaqina, i-Hoa Phat ikhuphukela endaweni yama-49 ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kokukhiqiza, okubonisa ukwanda kwezimakethe ezivelayo ekukhiqizeni insimbi.

Abakhiqizi baseYurophu njenge-ThyssenKrupp ne-Salzgitter Group bafinyelele ukusebenza okuhle, kanti umkhiqizo wonke wensimbi waseJalimane ukwanda ngo-2024. Lezi zinkampani ziyaqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nezinselelo zemakethe ngobuchule nemizamo yokusimama, okufaka isandla ekugcineni komkhakha wensimbi wezwekazi naphezu kokungaqiniseki kwezepolitiki okuthinta izifunda eziseduze.

Ukwenziwa kukashimende kuyahlukahluka kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene, kubonisa izimo ezahlukene zezomnotho nezinqubomgomo zezimboni. ENyakatho Melika, i-US Steel neNucor zihlala zingabakhiqizi abahamba phambili, ngokukhiqiza okuzinzile nokugcinwa kwezikhundla. Isifunda esibanzi saseMelika, okubandakanya umkhiqizi waseNingizimu Melika iTechint, sibonisa ukukhula okuzinzile kokukhiqiza, okufaka isandla ekuzinzeni kwezinsiza zikashimende zomhlaba wonke.

Imakethe kashimende yaseYurophu ibonisa izimo ezixubile, ezithonywa izinto zezombangazwe ezifana nezingxabano e-Ukraine ezithinte imisebenzi yezakhiwo zikashimende zasendaweni. Noma kunjalo, abakhiqizi abaphezulu esifundeni bakwazile ukugcina amazinga okukhiqiza, asekelwa izinhlelo zikahulumeni kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuyistrategi okuhlose ukuqinisa ukuzinza komkhakha.

I-Afrika ne-Asia zethula izindaba ezithakazelisayo zokukhula. Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kweTurkey kuyaqhubeka nokwanda, kanti i-Ezz Steel yaseGibhithe igcina indawo yayo njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wensimbi e-Afrika. Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa okuvela kulezi zifunda akugcini nje ngokuhlukanisa ukuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke, kodwa futhi kubonisa ukwanda kwezimboni nentuthuko yengqalasizinda, ikakhulukazi emakhaya asekhulayo.

Imboni yensimbi ngo-2024 ibhekene nesethi eyinkimbinkimbi yezimo zemakethe, okubandakanya ukwehla komnotho womhlaba okuthinte isidingo kanye namavolumu okukhiqizwa. Abakhiqizi bamukela izinyathelo zokonga izindleko futhi benze imisebenzi kahle ukuze bagcine inzuzo phakathi kokushintshashintsha kwamanani. Ukubikezela amanani ensimbi kube yingxenye ebalulekile yamasu okuthenga, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zihambe kahle ezingaqinisekile.

Lezi zinselelo zemakethe zidinga ukushesha nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali nezinqubo ezisimeme kuyaba yisidingo kubakhiqizi bensimbi abahlanganisa ukukhiqiza kahle nemithwalo yemvelo. Njengoba imakethe ihamba, izinkampani ezingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nalezi zimo zizothola izinzuzo ezincintisanayo embonini yensimbi yomhlaba wonke.

Ngokufingqa, imakethe yensimbi yomhlaba wonke ngo-2024 ibonakala ngokubusa kwabadlali abakhulu njengeChina Baowu Group, ArcelorMittal, neNippon Steel, kanye nabakhiqizi abasafufusa abashintsha indawo yomkhakha. Ukusebenza kwezifunda kugqamisa amathuba nezinselelo, ngokuhlukahluka kwezinto zezombusazwe nezomnotho. Ezebhizinisi nababambiqhaza, ukuqonda lezi zimo kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo zamasu nasekucebiseni ukuthenga.

I-Profit State International, umphakeli womhlaba wonke onguchwepheshe emikhiqizweni yensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu, izuza kulwazi lwemakethe ukuze inikele ngemikhiqizo enokuncintisana kanye nobudlelwano obuthembekile. Ubuchwepheshe babo ekungeniseni nasekuphumeni insimbi, obuhlanganiswe nobudlelwano obuqinile nabakhiqizi bensimbi abaphezulu, ububeka njengomlingani omethembayo endaweni yensimbi eguqukayo. Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe ngemikhiqizo namasevisi abo, vakashela i-IMIKHIQIZO ikhasi.

Hlala unolwazi ngentuthuko yakamuva ngokubhalisela i-MetalMiner’s newsletter kanye ne-Monthly Metals Index Report, ezinikeza izibuyekezo ezibalulekile zamanani ensimbi nezimo zemakethe. Lezi zinsiza zisiza amabhizinisi ukuthi aqondise imakethe yensimbi eyinkimbinkimbi ngempumelelo futhi azuze amathuba asakhula.

Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe nge-Profit State International nendima yabo embonini yensimbi, vakashela i-MAYELANA NATHI ikhasi noma uxhumane nge-XHUMANA NATHI ikhasi ukuze sixoxe ngezidingo zakho zokuthenga.